What is a Mound System? | Working of Mound System

Introduction

Mound systems, also known as septic mound systems, are a type of wastewater treatment system commonly used in areas where traditional septic systems can't be installed. These systems are designed to treat and disperse wastewater from homes and properties efficiently, providing a safe and environmentally friendly solution for waste management.

Components of a Mound System

A typical mound system consists of several key components:

1. Septic Tank

The septic tank is the initial stage of the mound system, where wastewater from the property is collected and stored. It allows solids to settle to the bottom and the separation of liquids to take place.

2. Pump Chamber

The pump chamber is responsible for pumping the clarified liquid effluent from the septic tank to the distribution area of the mound system.

3. Distribution Area

The distribution area comprises a network of pipes, also known as perforated distribution lines, that evenly distribute the treated effluent across the mound or soil absorption system.

4. Sand or Gravel Bed

The sand or gravel bed is an integral part of the mound system, typically located above the natural soil. It acts as a filter and provides a medium for the treated effluent to percolate slowly, allowing further treatment through biological processes and soil interactions.

5. Vegetation Cover

The vegetation cover, consisting of suitable grasses and plants, helps absorb excess moisture and nutrients, promoting evapotranspiration and preventing surface runoff. It enhances the aesthetic appeal of the mound system.

The Working of a Mound System

The functioning of a mound system involves the following steps:

1. Wastewater Collection

The wastewater generated from the property is collected in the septic tank. The solids settle to the bottom, forming a layer of sludge, while the clarified effluent rises to the top.

2. Effluent Transportation

The effluent is pumped from the septic tank to the distribution area using a pump chamber. This ensures controlled and even distribution of the effluent throughout the system.

3. Treatment in the Mound Area

As the effluent percolates through the sand or gravel bed in the mound area, it undergoes further treatment through physical, chemical, and biological processes. This treatment helps remove harmful bacteria, viruses, and other contaminants.

4. Absorption and Dispersal

The treated effluent is gradually absorbed by the soil in the mound area, preventing the buildup of excess moisture. Nutrients and remaining contaminants are further filtered and treated by the natural processes of the soil, ensuring the water reaching the groundwater is safe.

5. Evapotranspiration

The vegetation cover on the mound system aids in evapotranspiration, where excess moisture is removed by evaporation from the soil surface and transpiration through plants. This helps maintain the moisture balance and prevents surface water runoff.

Benefits of Mound Systems

Mound systems offer various advantages, making them a popular choice for wastewater treatment in certain conditions:

1. Suitable for Challenging Soil Conditions

Mound systems can be installed in areas with high groundwater tables, shallow bedrock, or soils with poor percolation rates. They provide an effective solution where traditional septic systems may not be feasible.

2. Enhanced Treatment

The additional treatment achieved through the sand or gravel bed and biological processes in the mound system ensures better removal of contaminants, making the effluent safer for the environment.

3. Environmental Friendliness

Mound systems are designed to protect groundwater resources by ensuring the treated effluent is adequately filtered and treated before entering the soil and eventually reaching the water table.

4. Aesthetic Appeal

The option to incorporate a vegetative cover promotes a visually appealing and natural-looking system that blends well with the surrounding environment.

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